You do not have to make the RT program an executable, but you will need to make sure that it has all of it's dependencies so that it can load and run from disk. An easy way of making sure that you have all of the dependencies is to build it as a 'Source Distribution'. Then you can FTP that to the target. From the host you then call 'Open Application Reference' and provide the IP of the RT target to connect to LabVIEW on the target. Then you should call 'Open VI Reference' and pass it the absolute path to your top level VI on disk (i.e. "c:\my app\top level.vi").
If that doesn't work, I'd suggest providing a simple example project and VIs. From that I'm sure we could get it to work.
-JR