Thank you for contacting National Instruments. The type of processing and analysis function that you are interested in can be done fairly easy, depending on your image, with Vision for LabVIEW. Vision is a separate package that will be installed and add a number of new VIs (functions) into LabVIEW.
With these functions you can identify or select key areas of your image. You can then use the Caliper function in Vision to calculate distances, areas, etc... of your image. If you also have Vision Assistant (a prototyping tool for Vision applications), then you can easily experiment with the image and generate LabVIEW code directly.
Also, there are a number of examples that ship with Vision that you can examine. These examples can be found through the NI Example
Finder. Choose to browse by Directory Structure and then navigate to the Vision >> 2. Functions >> Caliper folder. Open the Clamp Example.vi located there and this example measures the distance between two edges. Other examples can be found in there as well that are very useful.
Regards,
Michael
Applications Engineer
National Instruments