Hello;
Host memory is the PC memory, meaning the memory where the acquired data is stored untill being used by your Software.
Onboard memory is the memory tha is physically located on your DAQ device and is used mainly as a buffer, so your device can keep acquiring data even though old data wasn't transfered to the host memory.
Circular buffer is the concept of havinig the host PC memory storaging data, and in case the memory space is completely filled with data, new data will start to be stored from the beggining of the memory space.
Hope this helps.
Filipe A.
Applications Engineer
National Instruments