spyker,
For analog input, the datasheet specification of 10kS/s is correct. The 24MHz resolution means that the exact frequeny specified must be an integer division of 24MHz. In other words, the period between samples must be a multiple of (1/24000000) seconds. The 5MHz counter limitation is the highest frequency signal that the 6008 will not miss edges of when counting pulses. As for the DIO pins, they are software timed and cannot be correlated to a clock.
Hope this helps,
Ryan Verret
Product Marketing Engineer
Signal Generators
National Instruments