Tim,
There is no built-in way to accomplish this, but you could create a program that checked for this. For example, configure the program to use the external reference. The read functions for the 5911 have a timeout. So you could set the timeout value for a short value. Then check the error from the read function to see if there is a timeout error.
If there is a timeout, then you can conclude that no external reference was available and you can reconfigure the record to use the internal reference instead. At this point, you'd perform the read function all over again using the internal reference. If there is no error, then you will get your data back as expected using the external reference clock.