Stuart,
Typically, the real-time program is developed in the RT Development System running on Windows. Then the program is downloaded to an RT DAQ Device, or a RT Series PXI Controller. The RT Series PXI Controller runs headless, meaning no keyboard, monitor, or mouse are needed. The RT Engine has drivers written specifically for supporting the RT Controllers. While it is true that you can boot a PXI Controller in Windows, and also in the RT Engine, you would not want to develop and implement your code on the same controller. It might be possible, but it would be very difficult. It is analogous to driving with your eyes closed.
What is recommended is that you use a Windows Host PC running the RT Development System to download VIs to the RT Engine. While develop
ing, the RT Development System provides you a user interface to your RT Engine VIs. This is helpful for testing and debugging code. A host PC is also needed to configure the RT Engine to launch executables at startup.
I hope this clarifies things.
Chad H.
Applications Engineering
National Instruments
http://www.ni.com/ask