Given that the GUI and the acquisition loop are on the same machine there shouldn't be any need to resort to anything too fancy. The main thing you have to resolve is how much data you want to display at once.
The problem is that if you display an entire acquisition you will be plotting considerably more datapoints than there are pixels on your screen. The resulting plot could easily devolve into an undifferentiated mush. How many datapoints are you planning to read from the acquisition buffer at once?
Perhaps, given the acquisition rates involved and the amount of data you are capturing, a better solution for the acquisition GUI might be some sort of summary display (average value, running min/max, trend line etc). Then you could provide
a viewer/browser application that would allow the user to examine the results in detail using a combination of a dataset overview and a zoom function to examine specific signal artifacts.
Also remember that you can have multiple Y axis on a plot. This would allow you to display the sensor output in engineering units (if desired) with no loss of resolution.
Mike...