Hello MSU,
If you are wondering what the limits are on the signal that you can wire as reference voltage, beasically you can wire up to 10V. The problem though is that you need to keep the total voltage within the limits of the hardware. For example, if you had your reference at 5V, then you are only left with 5V to play with on the positive side before you exceed the 10V limit. This is valid on the negative side as well. So having a 5V reference means that you are left with -15V to play with from the reference.
Regarding your next question, the update rate for analog ouput has a limit of 2.8 MS/s for your device (6251). Using a faster timebase will not help you increase this rate beyond the specifications.
Your last question was regarding the channel constant in LabVIEW. Right-click on the edge of the drop-down and select I/O Name Filtering. Make sure that the option to include internal connections is checked. This will give you access to some internal signals. However, you will not be able to access the APFI lines from the software. These lines are meant to be driven by connecting an external signal to it.
Additionally, not all boards have APFI lines. Your board has only one (if it is a mono-connector board), APFI0. APFI0 is on pin 20 as you can see on the image below.
Hope I answered all your questions.