This should be possible for you to do. Many GPIB-based applications do this type of thing. Here's what I imagine you would do to get this sort of thing setup.
1. Send data to instument A and instrument B to get them setup to take a measurement. While doing this, you can usually get them setup to start the measurement when you send a Group Execute Trigger (GET) command on the bus.
2. Send the group execute trigger. Note, because you're using two instruments here, you may want to use the TriggerList vi to trigger more than one instrument.
3. Read data from the two instruments.
While you won't actually be sending the data across the bus fully simultaneously, it should be sufficient for your needs. I'd recommend using the 488.2 style vi's in
LabVIEW, as these may be safer for avoiding re-addressing problems that you could run into if you were using all board-level calls.